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Pulse oximetry is a test which measures the saturation of oxygen in blood cells. A device known as a pulse oximeter determines the oxygen saturation in the blood by emitting light through a fingertip; the light passing through is measured to determine the oxygen saturation. Pulse oximeters are widely available at most pharmacies.
Pulse oximeters typically take two measurements: the individual's pulse rate, and their blood oxygen saturation as a percentage.
| Table: oxygen saturation values and their meanings | |
|---|---|
| Saturation (%) | Meaning |
| ≥ 95% | Normal |
| 90-94% | Abnormal |
| ≤ 89% | Hypoxemia; life-threatening |
Readings from pulse oximeters have limited accuracy. There are many factors which may lead to inaccurate pulse oximeter readings: wearing nail polish, having a dark skin complexion1, cold temperatures, bright ambient light, and body movement2.
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